Limited joint mobility syndrome as a predictor of the diabetic foot syndrome

Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to the development of late complications. In addition to the traditional late complications, a high prevalence of damage to the musculoskeletal system in diabetes was noted. The most appropriate term that reflects the defeat of the musculoskeletal system in diabetes is «limited joints mobility syndrome» (LJM). Damage to the hands in the presence of open painless stiffness of the joints, fixed flexion contractures, impaired fine motor skills of the hands and grip forces. Subsequently, it became clear that, over time, the restriction of joint mobility develops not only in the small joints of the hands, but also in other large and small joints of the limbs. Traditionally, LJM syndrome pays low attention on the part of practitioners in comparison with other micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes, even though LJM can significantly impair functional activity, self-care, and impair the quality of life. It is assumed that damage to the periarticular tissues and joints in DM is caused by the accumulation of end glycation products. A decisive place in the diagnosis of LJM is the clinical examination. In the presence of LJM syndrome, the osteoarticular structures of the feet can be affected, timely diagnosis can lead to the development of diabetic foot syndrome.