Natural meroterpenoids isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium albo-atrum with noteworthy modification action against voltage-gated sodium channels of central neurons of Helicoverpa armigera

Abstract A new meroterpenoid, named acetoxydehydroaustin A ( 1 ) and the known meroterpenoid austin ( 2 ) were isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium albo-atrum . Their structures were established based on general spectroscopic techniques and the relative configuration of compound 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. We first investigated and identified their significant electrophysiological effects on the gating kinetics of voltage-gated sodium channels in central neurons acutely dissociated from Helicoverpa armigera using whole-cell patch clamp technique. Similar to the effects of pyrethroids on sodium late currents, both compounds produced concentration-dependent modification of sodium channels, prolonging the kinetics of channel inactivation to generate large persistent late currents during depolarization. However, different from the effects of tefluthrin and deltamethrin on sodium channels, two meroterpenoids did not induce tail currents during deactivation. Compounds 1 and 2 also caused depolarizing shifts in the voltage dependence of channel activation. The V 0.5 shifted about 5.02 mV and 6.32 mV in the depolarizing direction by 50 μM 1 and 50 μM 2 . The V 0.5 of voltage-dependent inactivation shifted about 11.42 mV and 11.62 mV respectively in the hyperpolarizing direction by 50 μM 1 and 100 μM 2 . In addition, they prolonged the time course of recovery from fast-inactivation for sodium channels. The effects of two compounds on the voltage-dependent gating substantially increased the size of sodium window currents. The overlapped area of window currents increased about 89.69% and 44.51% respectively by 10 μM compound 1 and 10 μM compound 2 . These findings show that both compounds have effects on sodium channel activation, inactivation and window currents. The voltage-gated sodium channels in central neurons of H. armigera are the target sites of two meroterpenoid natural products.