Silicate Binder from Wastes of Silica Refractory Brick and Building Products on Its Basis

A method of direct low-temperature synthesis of a silicate binder made of technological waste (silica refractory brick) has been developed. The possibility of application of this binder for the production of water-resistant and durable building products based on cheap mineral raw materials (sand, sand clay) and refractory wastes (chamotte) is shown. The samples of building products based on chamotte become water resistant after heat treatment at 150°C and higher; those based on sand and sandy loam become water resistant after heat treatment at 300°C and higher. A comparative analysis of the strength characteristics of the obtained products with the characteristics of silica (GOST 379-95) and ceramic (GOST 530-2012) bricks is conducted. The developed products have the following physicomechanical characteristics, which are recommended for the products for constructional purposes: compressive strength (MPa) of samples based on chamotte—(59.6 ± 4.2)–(95.9 ± 8.2); sandy loam—(37.8 ± 2.1)–(64.2 ± 5.9); sand—(57.0 ± 4.0)–(89.6 ± 6.8); bending strength (MPa), (6.0 ± 0.4)–(12.2 ± 0.9); 4.7 ± 0.4; (7.6 ± 0.6)–(9.7 ± 0.9); abrasion (g/cm2), 0.36–0.49; 0.50; 0.15–0.54, respectively.