Persistent BK Polyoma Virus-DNAemia may warrant cystoscopy to rule out urologic carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature.

: There is minimal literature describing the clinical work up of patients with persistent BKPyV-DNAemia despite aggressive immunosuppressive reduction. We present a case herein of persistent BKPyV-DNAemia with significant discordance of BK viruria level in a kidney transplant recipient found to have bladder carcinoma. Based on our findings, we recommend evaluating the urine of patients with persistent BKPyV-DNAemia for BK viruria. If there is significant discordance in the level of BKPyV-DNAemia and viruria cystoscopy should be persued to rule out bladder or uroepithelial malignancies.