Avances de Cuba en el desarrollo de materiales activos para almacenar energía eléctrica

Introduction: The electrical energy storage systems, such as rechargeable Li batteries (BLi) and supercapacitors, are very valuable technologies to meet the needs of the modern automotive sector and photovoltaic systems. The objective of this research is to determine the critical properties of materials for BLi and supercapacitors obtained by the Ionic Conductors (ConIon) research group of IMRE-UH in the last five years. Methods: New strategies for the synthesis and modification of materials were established. The materials were characterized by chemical analysis, HRTEM, SEM, AFM, XPS, FTIR, TG, ATD, DSC, DRX, Raman, 13C NMR, hall effect, voltammetry and chronopotentiometry, among the most important ones. Results and discussion: The graphene oxide obtained resulted in an excellent anodic material with a conductivity of 1.3 S/cm, a reversible specific capacity of 354 mAh/g for BLi and a capacitance of 160-332 F/g for supercapacitors. The new LiB electrolyte (POE)8-LiClO4-LLTO) showed an ionic conductivity value (2.8E-3 S/cm) that is among the highest reported for a solid polymeric electrolyte. The doped oxide LiP0.1Mn1.88O4 turned out to be an excellent cathode material with a higher specific charge storage capacity and electrochemical stability for the manufacture of high-density LiB batteries. Conclusions: These results constitute a higher point of development in the study of advanced functional materials in Cuba to store electrical energy. New and remarkable findings were presented, fundamentally related to the measurement of the critical properties that determine the application of national active materials to rechargeable Li batteries and supercapacitors.