Large scale experiments for in situ flushing using groundwater circulation wells : identification of processes and limiting parameters

Vertical circulation flow systems induced by groundwater circulation wells have been established as an in situ groundwater pollution remediation technique. Large scale three dimensional experiments with DNAPL and LNAPL have been carried out in order to systematically investigate the system's operation and treatment efficiency. The first phase of the study shows that the vertical circulation flow system is a highly efficacious in situ flushing technology for removing NAPL contaminants.