Computed tomography of the chest—II: clinical applications

### Key points In the previous article in this edition of the journal, the authors stated a systematic approach to the process of reviewing a computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest is vital not to miss potentially subtle pathology. This article, the second of two concerning CT chest, will examine the clinical applications of chest CT and the various pathologies that may occur in relation to anatomical areas of interest. The clinician reviewing the scans must have an accurate history and pertinent examination findings to focus attention on likely areas of pathology. The lung parenchyma, pleurae, and mediastinum must all be comprehensively examined so as to minimize the risk of missing pathology when reviewing chest CT scans. This article will explore these three specific anatomical areas initially and then focus on the role of CT chest in trauma and in the diagnosis of certain cardiovascular pathologies. Inspect the lung parenchyma, bronchi, and distal airways assessing their patency and …