Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Air Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) Ungu terhadap Morfologi Eritrosit pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Galur Wistar

2020 
Abstract. Sweet potatoes ( Ipomoea batatas L. ) purple is one of the most often materials consumed for community containing of some active compound such as alkaloid, saponin, and anthocyanin were known having an ability to interract with eryhtrocyte membran and cause membrane dysintegrity that can hemolysis and changes morphology erythrocyte. This study is aimed to know the acute toxicity of the aqueous extract of purple sweet potatoes to the erythrocyte morphology by observe the peripheral blood smear. The method of this study was conducted experimental observation to rats in the laboratory biomedic faculty of medicine Bandung Islamic University. Determination of dose group is based on proposed (new) recommended method with 11 rats were administrated oral dose 50, 200, 400, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 mg/kg BW of purple sweet potatoes aqueous extract, and one rat was only given water as control. Observation had been done at 24 hours after extract administrating. The result of peripheral blood smear observation showed that there is no changes on shape, size, and colour of erythrocyte. In this study, the aqueous extract of purple sweet potatoes do not have the acute toxicity to eryhtrocye morphology. Keywords: Acute toxicity, erythrocyte, purple sweet potatoes Abstrak. Ubi Jalar ( Ipomoea batatas L.) ungu adalah salah satu bahan yang sering dikonsumsi untuk masyarakat yang mengandung beberapa senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, saponin, dan antosianin yang diketahui mampu berinteraksi dengan membran eritrosit dan menyebabkan disintegrasi membran sehingga dapat menyebabkan hemolisis dan mengubah morfologi eritrosit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas akut ekstrak air ubi jalar ungu terhadap morfologi eritrosit melalui pengamatan sediaan apus darah tepi. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimental observasi pada tikus yang dilakukan di Laboratorium biomedik fakultas kedokteran Universitas Islam Bandung. Penentuan kelompok dosis berdasarkan proposed (new) recommended method  menggunakan 11 ekor tikus yang masing-masing diberi dosis oral ekstrak air ubi jalar ungu 50, 200, 400, 800, 1.000, 1.500, 2.000, 3.000, 4.000, 5.000 mg/kg BB dan satu tikus hanya diberikan air sebagai kontrol. Pengamatan dilakukan setelah 24 jam pemberian ekstrak. Hasil pengamatan sediaan apus darah tepi menunjukkan tidak terdapat perubahan bentuk, ukuran, dan warna eritrosit. Pada penelitian ini, ekstrak air ubi jalar ungu tidak memiliki toksisitas akut terhadap morfologi eritrosit. Kata kunci: Eritrosit, toksisitas akut, ubi jalar ungu
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