Method for jointly treating stalks by steam explosion and microorganism fermentation

The invention relates to a method for jointly treating stalks by steam explosion and microorganism fermentation, comprising the following steps of: firstly, carrying out steam explosion pretreatment on the stalks to obtain exploded stalks; then preparing spore seed liquid: inoculating aspergillus oryzae or trichoderma Koningi to a PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) culture medium, standing and culturing for 3-5 days at the temperature of 28-32 DEG C, and preparing the spore seed liquid with the concentration of 106-108 per mL; and finally carrying out microorganism fermentation: uniformly mixing 18g of exploded stalks, 2g of bran and 30mL of mineral element nutrient solution, adjusting pH to be 7.0 with Ca(OH)2, sterilizing for 15min at the temperature of 121 DEG C and the pressure of 0.15MPa to obtain a solid fermentation medium a, inoculating the spore seed liquid according to 2-4% of inoculum size, and culturing the spore seed liquid for 5-7 days at the temperature of 28-32 DEG C. The fermentation stalks obtained by utilizing the method have low content of lignose, cellulose and hemicellulose and high activity of filter paper carbohydrase, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) enzyme, amylase and protease.