Adaptive filtering and feed-forward control for suppression of vibration and jitter

This paper describes the use of adaptive filtering to control vibration and optical jitter. Adaptive filtering is a class of signal processing techniques developed over the last several decades and applied since to applications ranging from communications to image processing. Basic concepts in adaptive filtering and feedforward control are reviewed. A series of examples in vibration, motion and jitter control, including cryocoolers, ground-based active optics systems, flight motion simulators, wind turbines and airborne optical beam control systems, illustrates the effectiveness of the adaptive methods. These applications make use of information and signals that originate from system disturbances and minimize the correlations between disturbance information and error and performance measures. The examples incorporate a variety of disturbance types including periodic, multi-tonal, broadband stationary and non-stationary. Control effectiveness with slowly-varying narrowband disturbances originating from cryocoolers can be extraordinary, reaching 60 dB of reduction or rejection. In other cases, performance improvements are only 30-50%, but such reductions effectively complement feedback servo performance in many applications.