Przypadek proliferującego nabłoniaka wapniejącego (pilomatrixoma) szyi

Abstract Pilomatrixoma, also known as pilomatricoma or calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a benign cutaneous tumor that originates from the matrix of the hair root. There are different types of tumours: pilomatrixoma, proliferating pilomatrixoma, and pilomatrix carcinoma. The etiology is not completely understood. Recent studies have shown correlation between occurrence of pilomatrixoma and mutations in the CTNNB1 gene. Pilomatrixoma is more common in females. This tumour is described as an asymptomatic, mobile, and slow-growing elastic mass predominantly located in the head and neck region or upper limbs. Multiple pilomatrixomas have been reported in the literature, sometimes in association with myotonic dystrophy. The cases of familial occurrence are also described in the literature. Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare condition. Proliferating piomatrixoma have very high potential for recurrences. Recommended treatment is complete surgical excision including wide lateral and deep margin of tissue. The case of 27-year-old male with proliferating pilomatrixoma of the retroauricular area was shown in this paper. He was admitted to the ENT Department for surgical treatment of the lump located in retroauricular area. Based on ENT examination it was diagnosed as atheroma. The diagnosis, surgical management of tumour, histopathological diagnostic problems, and review of the literature were described.