Survival benefit from first docetaxel treatment for cabazitaxel plus prednisone compared with mitoxantrone plus prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) enrolled in the TROPIC trial.

4525^ Background: Docetaxel is standard first-line chemotherapy for mCRPC. The Phase III TROPIC trial showed that, for patients who progressed during or after docetaxel-based therapy, cabazitaxel plus prednisone (CbzP) improved overall survival (OS) compared with mitoxantrone plus prednisone (MP) (HR 0.70; p < 0.0001) (Lancet 2010; 376:1147–54). We conducted an exploratory analysis of the TROPIC cohort to assess OS from the time of first docetaxel treatment. Methods: Men were randomized to receive either CbzP (n=378) or MP (n=377) after progression on docetaxel. OS was calculated from the time of the first docetaxel dose to death from any cause. The cut-off date for this updated survival analysis was March 10, 2010. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze OS and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results: At the time of randomization to TROPIC, the treatment arms were balanced with respect to baseline characteristics and prior anticanc...