The Simultaneous Changes of Endogenous Glucose Production, Postprandial Glucagon, and Fasting Glutamine during Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes

Recent studies have demonstrated that rapid contemporary evolution can play a significant role in regulating population dynamics on ecological timescales. Here we identify a previously unrecognized mechanism by which rapid evolution promotes species coexistence via temporal fluctuations and a trade-off between competitive ability and the speed of adaptive evolution. This is a special case of relative nonlinearity in coexistence theory, and given the propensity for both oscillatory dynamics and divergent rates of adaptation in the real world, we propose that this mechanism may operate widely in nature.