Infections due to Vagococcus spp. Microbiological and clinical aspects and literature review.

Abstract Introduction An increase in recent years in the isolation of Vagococcus spp. is suggestive of emerging infection by this pathogen in our hospital. Methods Prospective, descriptive study. Period: July 2014–January 2019. Phenotypic identification of 15 isolates of Vagococcus spp. was performed by conventional biochemical tests, automated methodology and mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Molecular identification was achieved by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The Vitek™ 2C automated system was used to test antibiotic susceptibility. Results The molecular method identified 11 Vagococcus fluvialis, one Vagococcus lutrae and three Vagococcus spp. MALDI-TOF MS facilitated the rapid recognition of the genus. The most active antibiotics were ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Most of the cases of isolation were associated with skin and soft tissue or osteoarticular infections in patients with diabetes. Conclusion This article is the most extensive review of cases of Vagococcus spp. infection reported in the literature and highlights the microbiological and clinical aspects of this pathogen.