Activation of Nitric Oxide—Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate Signaling in Kidney by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy

ABSTRACTPurpose: We defined whether extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to the kidney activates the nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic 3′,5′-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway.Materials and Methods: A total of 90 male rabbits were randomly divided into group 1—pretreated with normal saline, group 2—pretreated intravenously (IV) with Nω nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (NAME) (100 mg/kg), group 3—pretreated IV with NAME and L-arginine (300 mg/kg) with ESWT to 1 kidney, group 4—pretreated IV with ODQ (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) (20 μg/kg) and group 5—pretreated with normal saline with ESWT to the bladder. Plasma nitrite, NO metabolite and cGMP were analyzed in peripheral blood samples before, immediately after, and 30 and 60 minutes after ESWT.Results: ESWT to the kidney but not to the bladder caused an increase before, immediately after, and 30 and 60 minutes after ESWT in plasma nitrite in group 1 (186.1 ± 20.6, 217.5 ± 21.6, 241.9 ± 28.4 and 230.5 ± 25.3 nM) and group 5 (149.0 ± 14.7, 155.6...