Analisis energi dan eksergi pada produksi biodiesel berbahan baku CPO (Crude palm oil)

RISWANTI SIGALINGGING. Energy and Exergy Analysis of Biodiesel Production from CPO (Crude Palm Oil). Under supervision of ARMANSYAH H.TAMBUNAN and SRI ENDAH AGUSTINA. Biodiesel production from renewable resources needs a certain amount of energy Input. Accordingly, the effectiveness of biodiesel production depends on the energy ratio, i.e. the ratio of energy contained in the biodiesel to the energy input during production including energy content in the feedstock. This research is aimed to evaluate energy ratio in biodiesel production. The tool used in this experiment is exergy analysis, which incorporates the fisrt and second law of thermodynamic. Materials required in the biodiesel production was evaluated in term of its energy content. The result of analysis showed that the energy ratio and the energy needed to produce per kilogram biodiesel using noncataliytic production method with modified process were 1.00 and 39.63 MJ/kg, while using catalytic method were 0.98 and 41.05 MJ/kg, respectively. Meanwhile, the exergy efficiency and the exergy lost by using noncataliytic production method with modified process were 94.43 % and 3665.08 MJ, while using catalytic method were 98.23 % and 1175.75 MJ, respectively. The research shows that noncatalytic production method with modified process is better than catalytic method in terms of energy ratio and the energy needed to produce per kilogram biodiesel. The research also shows that heat exchanger is the critical one for the performance improvement of the modified non-catalytic process.