Biosynthesized nanoparticles derived from marine habitat and their interactions with plants

Abstract Nanotechnology is a cutting-edge technology nowadays. Nanoparticles have diversified applications due to their unique properties. Numerous physico-chemical procedures have been developed for the preparation of nanoparticles. Different protocols have different specific limitations. In order to overcome these limitations and in the search for cleaner and less toxic methodologies, biosynthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as an advanced branch of nanotechnology, which has brought out the fascinating role of microorganisms in the green synthesis of nanoparticles. The bacteria and the fungi from both the terrestrial habitat and marine habitat are well-known for their important role in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles. This chapter discusses the role of bacteria and fungi from terrestrial habitat in the synthesis of nanoparticles. Biosynthesized nanoparticles have been investigated by the scientific community for gaining knowledge on their interactions with plants. The plant–nanoparticles interactions is a newly emerged area which calls for more extensive studies as the said interactions may lead to both positive and negative impacts on the plants, with respect to their development, growth and toxicity. Interactions between plants and various biosynthesized nanoparticles have been reviewed in the text.