Identification of evolutionarily significant units in the Cuban endemic damselfly Hypolestes trinitatis (Odonata: Hypolestidae)

Species classification may not reflect the underlying/cryptic genetic diversity which should otherwise be conserved as it represents the potential of populations to evolve and adapt. The identification of evolutionarily significant units (ESUs) allows cryptic genetic diversity to be taken into account when designating conservation priorities. Here, we used mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences integrated with ecological niche models (ENM) to identify ESUs in Hypolestes trinitatis, a threatened Cuban endemic damselfly species. We found that this species comprises two distinct genetic groups in Central and Eastern Cuba respectively, which are also geographically isolated, as shown by ENM. Therefore, we propose these groups to be considered as different ESUs. According with their extent of occurrence, number of locations and inferred decline of habitat extent and quality, Central and Eastern ESUs qualify as Endangered [EN B1b(iii)] and Vulnerable [VU B1b(iii)], respectively.