Application of thionyl chloride and alcohol as selective deacylation reagents for N-aryl fatty amide or N-heterocyclic fatty amide

The invention belongs to the filed of chemistry, and relates to application of thionyl chloride and alcohol as selective deacylation reagents for N-aryl fatty amide (I) or N-heterocyclic fatty amide (II or III) and a method thereof. The invention mainly comprises application of thionyl chloride and alcohol as simplex selective deacylation reagents for N-aryl fatty amide or N-heterocyclic fatty amide without carboxyls in the molecule, and application of thionyl chloride and alcohol as selective deacylation and carboxyl esterification reagents for N-aryl fatty amide or N-heterocyclic fatty amide with carboxyls in the molecule. Thus, the invention widens the application range of the thionyl chloride, provides a new technical way for the selective deacylation of N-aryl fatty amide or N-heterocyclic fatty amide, and has the advantages of low reagent cost, wide reagent source, convenient operation process, short reaction time, good selectivity, high yield and the like, thereby having wide application prospects in the field of organic synthesis.