A novel system exploits bone debris for implant osseointegration.

BACKGROUND Bone debris generated during site preparation is generally evacuated with irrigation; here, we evaluated whether retention of this autologous material improved the rate of peri-implant bone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 25 rats, a miniatured implant system comprised of an osseo-shaping tool and a tri-oval shaped implant was compared against a conventional drill and round implant system. A split-mouth design was used, and fresh extraction sockets served as implant sites. Histology/histomorphometry, immunohistochemistry, and μCT imaging were performed immediately after implant placement, and on post-surgery days 3, 7, 14 and 28. RESULTS Compared to a conventional drill design, the osseo-shaping tool produced a textured osteotomy surface and viable bone debris that was retained in the peri-implant environment. Proliferating osteoprogenitor cells, identified by PCNA and Runx2 expression, contributed to faster peri-implant bone formation. Although all implants osseointegrated, sites prepared with the osseo-shaping tool showed evidence of new peri-implant bone sooner than controls. CONCLUSION Bone debris produced by an osseo-shaping tool directly contributed to faster peri-implant bone formation and implant osseointegration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.