A review of eye-to-eye videoconferencing techniques

This paper reviews techniques for achieving eye contact between participants in a videoconference, where video screens (more than 30 cm) have forced the video camera out of acceptable alignment with the participant's face. The techniques are of particular use with screens portraying life size images, where camera misalignment becomes unacceptable. It also addresses the role of eye contact in interactions between two people to demonstrate the value of preserving it.