Progress in Antiretroviral Therapy and HAND

: Today, over 20,000 people are thought to be infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Japan. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has substantially improved the prognosis of HIV-infected patients, but long-term medication generates new problems. This article overviews the progress of anti-HIV therapies and explains the concept of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) as a noted complication of HIV infection.