Особенности иммунной регуляции и генетического полиморфизма у взрослого населения, проживающего в условиях внешнесредового воздействия ванадия

We conducted the survey of the adult population (n = 37) at age of 33.82 ± 0.82 years, living in ecologically unfavorable conditions (influence zone of industrial emissions) of Chusovoy (Perm Territory). The comparison group included 25 people from the area with acceptable sanitary and hygienic indicators of atmospheric air quality. The average age of the comparison groups surveyed was 35.25 ± 1.24 years. The study of features of the immune status of the examined individuals exposed to the external effects of vanadium fine dust have been showed a decrease in phagocytosis, expression of the level of interleukin-10 and production of serum immunoglobulin A class (IgA). Both the odds ratio analysis and mathematical modeling showed a significant increase in the content of class G immunoglobulin (IgG) and class M immunoglobulin (IgM) (R 2 = 0.67-0.70, p < 0.05) with an increase of vanadium concentration in the blood. At the same time, the study of the metal content in the blood of the observed group as compared with the permissible level showed higher concentrations. We revealed the features of gene polymorphism associated with an increase in the prevalence of the minor homozygous genotype for the SULT1A1 and CYP1A1*3 genes - the immune regulation (MTHFR), detoxification and endothelial regulation (VEGFA) genes. The results of the analysis of twenty-nine polymorphic genes revealed the key genes of the male and female subgroups of the main group, which prevalence of polymorphisms was significantly different from that of the comparison group (p < 0.05). At the same time, the genotypes of working men of the main group were characterized by a significant predominance of the variant allele compared to the control group (HTR2A, MTHFR, CYP1A1, FAS, CPOX, TNF). The genotypes of working women were characterized by the dominance of such polymorphic genes as MTHFR, MMP, ANKK1, ZMPSTE, TNF.