The Incidence of Invasive Candidiasis and the Risk Factors at the Patients of ICU at University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa” Tirana, Albania.

Objective of the study: To analyze the incidence of invasive candidiasis at the patients of ICU and to associate this incidence with the risk factors that favor this infection. The material and methods: The study was conducted at the hospitalized patients of ICU at the University Hospital Center “Mother Teresa” Tirana. There were selected patients that had over 3 days of hospitalization, with central venous catheter, that had been taking antibiotics with wide specter of action, with neutropenia, kidney’s diseases or hemodialysis, diabetes, carcinoma, intubated and with parental nutrition, with high fever even though they were treated with antibiotics. From the patients were taken these samples: blood for blood culture, serum, endotracheal secretion, aspire branching, urine, swab from mouth. The identification of fungus was made by several standard criteria. The statistical analysis was made by using the Fisher’s and Chi-square test from Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20. Results: At the study were included 264 patients. From them 14.77% (39) resulted with candidemia. By the examination of other samples resulted: candida in urine resulted positive at 15.3%. From the mouth cultures 38.6% resulted with oral candidiasis, from the endotracheal aspire 6.1%, from the bronchial aspire 5.7%. From blood cultures resulted: Candida albicans 48.71 %, Candida parapsilosis 20.5%, Candida tropicalis15.38 %, Candida glabrata 10.25% and Candida krusei 5.1 %. Conclusion: The invasive fungal infections at ICU are linked with high morbidity and mortality even at optimal conditions of treatment, so delays in diagnosis and treatment can influence at the patient, risking his life.