Trait anxiety and nicotine dependence in adolescents: a report from the DANDY study
2004
Abstract The Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) and the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC) were used to measure trait anxiety and tobacco dependence in a population of 581 adolescents. Smokers demonstrated higher mean RCMAS scores (9.3, S.D.=6.5) than nonsmokers did (7.4, S.D.=6.2, t =−3.7, P n =115) than did the participants without symptoms (mean=7.8, S.D.=6.0, n =177, t =−5.3, P n =292, r =.32, P
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