A frequência e a importância da identificação de anticorpos sanguíneos em doadores de sangue com pesquisa de anticorpos irregulares positiva no estado do Amapá

Introdction:  The Pan American Health Organization estimates that 2.0% of the world population should donate blood regularly. The Latin American and Caribbean countries collect blood equivalent to 1.5% of their population, what is below the recommended, making the offer for transfusion viability unavailable. Objective: To perform the Identification of Irregular Antibodies (IIA) in the donors’ blood plasma with clinical-transfusion relevance of the Rh, KELL, DUFFY, KIDD and MN systems of the discarded blood components from donors that tested positive on the Irregular Antibody Screening (IAS), with age ranging from 18 to 69 years, regardless of sex, in the Blood Center of the State of Amapa (HEMOAP). Method: Gel Teste® was used to perform the tests for IAS and IIA. The statistical analysis test performed was the Chi-square. Results: Between June 2009 and January 2013 (Period I), and September 2016 and March 2017 (Period II) 144 positive IAS samples (0.28%) were found in 51.985 blood donations; however, the IIA was performed in only 111 samples (0.21%) in which the most frequent antibody was the anti-D, in 26 samples (22.80%), anti-Kpa, in 19 samples (19.30%), anti-Dia, in 18 samples (15.80%), and others less   frequently. The Rh and KELL systems were the most frequent and of great transfusion relevance, which corroborates the scientific studies on this subject. Conclusions: We observed that blood bags that tested positive for IAS are neglected, generating a cost of around R$163,772.64, since its blood components, in some cases, could be used. So, the number of blood bags in the State of Amapa would increase, helping the hemotherapeutic health service.