Effect of Different Parameters on Composition of Volatile Components of Leaf, Stem and Seed from Algerian Bupleurum fruticosum L. Extracted by Hydrodistillation and Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction

The present study describes the effect of physical parameters of plant and fiber coating on the qualitative and quantitative volatile profile of Bupleurum fruticosum L., (leave, stem and seed) from Yama Gouraya Algerian Park using the headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The HS-SPME-GC/MS analysis showed a significant variation of the volatile composition according some parameters as the type of fiber coating polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) and polydimethyl siloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB), particle size (dp), and the mass (m) used. Results demonstrated that HS-SPME recoveries are strongly conditioned by the polarity and volatility of analytes were investigated, and by the composition and physical state of the vegetable matrix, characteristics which, in their turn, condition the headspace composition. According to the particle size and mass used, there were significant differences in chemical classes composition of monoterpenes (leaves: 28.35-62.01 %, stems: 23.8-57.49 % and seeds: 60.92-85.76 %) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (leaves: 19.39-36.91 %, stems: 36.71-59.90 % and seeds: 7.9-21.96 %) as well as oxygenated compounds (leaves: 6.17-50.3 %, stems: 4.22-9.12 % and seeds 4.17-9.43 %). Whereas hydrodistillation (heating based) essential oil showed a different qualitative and quantitative aromatic profile compared to the green technique HS-SPME (adsorption and affinity based), in chemical groups as monoterpene (leaves: 59.8, stems: 69.37 and seeds: 88.14 %) and sesquiterpenes (leaves: 13.93, stems: 17.17 and seeds: 4.23 %) hydrocarbons as well as in oxygenated compounds (leaves: 24.32, stems: 21.19 and seeds: 5.37 %).