Effectiveness of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine among the elderly with chronic respiratory diseases

2018 
Introduction: There are few published reports regarding the clinical benefits of pneumococcal vaccination for the prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia among elderly outpatients with chronic respiratory diseases. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) among elderly outpatients. Methods: This report describes a case-control study including 4124 outpatients aged ≥65 years with chronic respiratory diseases, treated from 2015 to 2017 in our department. Study outcomes were pneumococcal pneumonia incidence rates in the PPSV23 group, the PCV13 group and the non-vaccination group. The effect of each vaccination within 5 years was evaluated as an odds ratio (OR) adjusted by a propensity score, which was predicted using age, gender, comorbidities, and steroid use. ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of vaccination were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results: There were 377 vaccinated patients (PPSV23, 327 and PCV13, 50), and 143 were diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia (Table). Conclusions: There were no significant differences between the vaccination group and the non-vaccination group, possibly because of the differences in background factors and physicians’ recmmendations.
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