Synergism between Flame Retardant and Phosphonium Salt Modified Layered Silicate on Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foam Nanocomposite
2012
The current research was conducted to study the incorporation of phosphorus-based flame retardant (exolit OP 1230) and phosphonium salt treated montmorillonite (P-MMT) into polyol resin of polyurethane foam, with the purpose of imparting its compression properties and flammability resistance. To prepare the hybrid composite with a 2.5 wt% based on weight percentage of the overall weight of the system, fractions of exolit OP 1230 are mixed with P-MMT following a percentage ratio of 25/75, 50/50 and 75/25. The result of the mechanical property testing showed that the compression strength of composite was decreased with the presence of exolit OP 1230. However, the result obtained also demonstrated that the fire behaviour of the foam was improved. The study indicated that a combination of exolite OP 1230 and P-MMT generates a synergistic mechanism effect which could be used as an effective fire retardant as compared to sample with a 2.5% P-MMT alone. On the other hand, horizontal burning test following an ASTM D635 test procedure was conducted to determine the burning rate and bomb calorimeter model Ika C5003 was employed to detect the combustion enthalpy in this study. Finally, the findings of the analysis of the mechanical properties were further supported by the SEM micrographs.
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