Selective extraction of phospholipids from food by-products by supercritical carbon dioxide and ethanol and formulating ability of extracts

Abstract Selective extraction of phospholipids (PLs) from camelina press cake and scallop by-products was investigated using Supercritical Fluid Extraction at 45 °C, 25 MPa, with (2-30 %) ethanol (EtOH) as co-solvent. A two-step process consisting of a first extraction with CO2 + 7 % EtOH to eliminate neutral lipids followed by a second extraction with CO2 + 30 % EtOH led to extracts containing up to 40 % of the PLs initially present in the matrix. The variation of the extraction conditions made it possible to recover up to 90 % of PLs. The extracts enriched in PLs were able to self-assemble to form liposomes. Ethosomes, with smaller size, were also obtained when EtOH remained in the extracts.