A narrative review on the interaction between genes and the treatment of hypertension and breast cancer

Objective The aim to discuss the close relationship between the common biological mechanisms of breast cancer and hypertension, inflammation and oxidative stress, breast cancer gene mutations breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA), G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK4), etc. and breast cancer treatment includes chemotherapy, Endocrine therapy, Targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis drugs. In anti-angiogenesis drugs focusing on the mechanism of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that may activate the rhoa/rock pathway to cause hypertension, as well as the relationship between breast cancer and antihypertensive drugs includes angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and β-blockers (BBs)will be explored. Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and tumors are the two major types of diseases with the highest mortality rates, while hypertension accounts for the largest proportion of CVDs. A large number of the same or similar risk factors are shared between hypertension and tumors, and they influence each other. Many patients, particularly elderly patients, often present with the coexistence of the two diseases. As medical advances have enabled clinicians to cure tumors, many patients with cancer live longer, leading to a gradual increase in the incidence of CVDs, including hypertension. With the second highest incidence among tumors, breast cancer has gradually attracted widespread attention and has been the topic of numerous studies. Studies have confirmed that CVD is one of the causes of death in elderly patients with breast cancer. Methods Publications from 1985 to 2020 were retrieved from the Web Of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE database. We used a mix of MeSH and keywords. Conclusions Hypertension and cancer may share a common mechanism. The screening and risk assessment of breast cancer in patients with hypertension must be strengthened. Breast cancer cardiology is the interdisciplinary study of oncology and cardiology, and in-depth research in this field may result in long-term improvements in the survival and prognosis of patients with both clinical hypertension and breast cancer.