Fingerprinting Analysis of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivars Introduced in Brazil Using RAPD Markers

The commercial production of Brazilian mangos is highly concentrated on cultivar 'Tommy Atkins', which has low fruit quality. Brazilian cultivars, such as IAC 110 and Roxa have been evaluated to substitute 'Tommy Atkins', although 'Keitt', 'Palmer', 'Joa', 'Bourbon' and other cultivars are also being evaluated. Some of these cultivars have been cultivated in different regions with high phenotypic variations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic similarities of 11 mango genetic materials cultivated in different Brazilian regions using RAPD markers. The genomic DNA of each cultivar was extracted and amplified using 18 decamer primers to obtain RAPD markers. These markers were transformed into a binary matrix data to estimate genetic similarities among varieties and to perform cluster analysis. Of the 186 molecular markers obtained, 29.0% were monomorphic. The genetic similarities among the 11 cultivars ranged from 0.728 to 0.985. There is no genetic variation between 'Tommy Atkins' cultivated in Sao Paulo and Savanna region. The same result was observed for Keitt and Palmer cultivars. The 'Bourbon' cultivated in Sao Paulo was genetically different from 'Bourbon' cultivated in Savanna (Cerrado) region. 'Joa' was less genetically related to any other cultivar analyzed. Brazilian cultivar IAC 110 and Roxa showed the shortest genetic distances to 'Tommy Atkins'.