Three-Dimensional (3D) Polygon Mesh Authentication Using Sequential Bit Substitution Strategy

Accelerated growth in higher dimensional media processing has promoted the usage of 3D representation of objects and also are easily distributed over network for various reasons. To ensure the authenticity of such susceptible 3D models, authentication-based watermarking techniques are often used. This paper discusses a semi-fragile, blind watermarking algorithm that is able to detect a vertex-level tamper in the mesh and also detects topological manipulations. The watermark generation is carried out by self-embedding pattern. A low-complexity sequential bit substitution strategy is proposed to embed the model geometry information as verification bits in a specific pattern. To make the mesh invariant to vertex-reordering operation, vertices are indexed with a topology-oriented mesh traversal strategy. The performance of the approach is depicted with the proper tamper detection and localization achievement and minimal distortion to the surface of the model.