水库防洪调度的泄流设备运行状态变化次数最少模型 Reservoir Flood Operation Model Based on Minimal Regulating Times of Discharge Devices

水库防洪调度方案需要在满足控制目标和约束条件的同时，具有便捷性和可操作性。为此，提出以泄流设备运行状态变化次数最少为准则的防洪优化调度模型。根据水库泄流设备的设计参数和运行规则预先编制泄流设备启停策略表，将泄流设备组合方案作为基本计算单元，并设计一种简单且行之有效的计算流程从策略表中优选出调度期内所需的方案。以功果桥水库为实例的应用表明，该方法能够将调度结果从水库的下泄流量控制精细到泄流设备的操作控制，其调度结果不仅能够满足泄洪需求，还能避免泄流设备运行状态的频繁调整，有效提高防洪调度方案的实用性。 The flood dispatching scheme needs to satisfy the control objective and constraints with accessibility and operability. In this paper, the model of flood control operation is established to minimize the regulating times of discharge devices. According to the specific information, the discharge device opening and closing policy table is created in advance, so that the combination scheme is treated as a basic computing unit. Furthermore, a simple and effective calculating process is designed to solve the model. The application of Gongguoqiao Reservoir shows that the method is able to detail scheduling result from the outflow control to the discharge device control. So this method can improve the applicability of flood dispatching scheme by meeting the need of flood control demand as avoiding the frequent operation of the discharge devices.