Prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica em Idosos / Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the Elderly

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalencia da Sindrome Metabolica (SM) em idosos de acordo com os criterios do NCEP-ATP III e identificar os fatores de risco cardiovasculares. METODO: Estudo observacional de corte transversal analitico, no qual a casuistica foi constituida de 100 pacientes idosos de ambos os sexos, com idade acima de 60 anos, matriculados e atendidos no ambulatorio de clinica medica da Unidade de Referencia de Reabilitacao Fisica Dr. Demetrio Medrado, realizado no periodo de Novembro/2013 a Fevereiro/2014. RESULTADO: A idade media dos pacientes foi de 65,9 anos, sendo 58% do sexo feminino e 42% do sexo masculino, a prevalencia foi de SM foi de 51%, sendo 33% do sexo feminino e 18% do sexo masculino, dos componentes isolados de pacientes com SM, 39% tinham diminuicao de HDL-colesterol, 36% de obesidade abdominal, 35% aumento da PA. Em relacao ao sexo e componentes da SM, no sexo feminino com SM 40% apresentaram obesidade abdominal, 37% diminuicao do HDL-colesterol e 29% aumento da PA. No sexo masculino com SM 28%apresentaram aumento de PA, 20% aumento do TG e 18% de HDL-colesterol. Quanto aos fatores de risco cardiovasculares identificados, 64% dos pacientes sao sedentarios, 57% sao hipertensos, 44% sao dislipidemicos, 21% diabeticos, 20% com obesidade, 16% com historia familiar de doenca cardiovascular e 16% tabagistas. CONCLUSAO: A SM tem alta prevalencia na populacao idosa estudada, sendo mais prevalente no sexo feminino. O sedentarismo, a hipertensao arterial e a dislipidemia foram os fatores de risco mais identificados. Palavras-Chaves : Sindrome X Metabolica. Idoso. Prevalencia. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: to determinate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in the elderly according to the criteria of NCEP-ATP II and identificate the cardiovascular risks. METHOD: it was performed an analytical transversal study, in which the population was constituted of 100 old aged pacients from both genders, with ages above 60 years old, registered and attending the medical clinic ambulatory of the Unidade de Referencia de Reabilitacao Fisica Dr. Demetrio Medrado, performed from November/2013 to February/2014. RESULTS: The average age assessed of the patients was 65,9 years old, being 58% female and 42% male. About the isolated MS components studied on the pacients, 39% of the population had an HDL cholesterol decrease, 36% loss of abdominal obesity, and 35% AP elevation. Regarding gender and MS components, 40% of the women with MS had abdominal obesity, 37% loss of HDL and 29% elevation of AP. In men with MS, 28% showed AP elevation, 20% showed triglycerides gain and 18% HDL gain. Regarding the identified cardiovascular risks, 64% of the patients were sedentary, 57% hypertensive and 44% had dyslipidemia, 21% diabetes, 20% had obesity, 16% had family history of cardiovascular disease and 16% were smokers. CONCLUSION: MS had high prevalence among the studied population, and even more on women. Sedentarism, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia were the most identified risk factors. Key words : Syndrome X Metabolic. Aged. Prevalence.