STEIM: A Spatiotemporal Event Interaction Model in V2X Systems Based on a Time Period and a Raster Map

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an important artificial intelligence research field for intelligent transportation applications. Complex event interactions are important methods for data flow processing in a Vehicle to Everything (V2X) environment. Unlike the classic Internet of Things (IoT) systems, data streams in V2X include both temporal information and spatial information. Thus, effectively expressing and addressing spatiotemporal data interactions in the IoV is an urgent problem. To solve this problem, we propose a spatiotemporal event interaction model (STEIM). STEIM uses a time period and a raster map for its temporal model and spatial model, respectively. In this paper, first, we provide a spatiotemporal operator and a complete STEIM grammar that effectively expresses the spatiotemporal information of the spatiotemporal event flow in the V2X environment. Second, we describe the design of the operational semantics of the STEIM from the formal semantics. In addition, we provide a spatiotemporal event-stream processing algorithm that is based on the Petri net model. The STEIM establishes a mechanism for V2X event-stream temporal and spatial processing. Finally, the effectiveness of the STEIM-based system is demonstrated experimentally.