Real-World Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma: Retrospective Analysis of the Czech Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies

Abstract Introduction Real-world data on patient outcomes and treatment patterns in multiple myeloma (MM) are limited. Methods This non-interventional, observational, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected Czech patient chart data from the Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies (RMG) estimated real-world outcomes in adults diagnosed with symptomatic MM between May 2007 and June 2014. Results In total, 2446 patients had initiated first-line treatment. Median (95% confidence interval) overall survival (OS) since diagnosis (primary endpoint) was 50.3 (46.1–54.5) months and decreased with each successive treatment line. A similar trend was observed for progression-free survival (PFS) and depth of response. In line with European guidelines and clinical practice, bortezomib-, thalidomide-, and lenalidomide-based regimens were most commonly used across all treatment lines (42.3%, 28.9%, and 18.4%, respectively). In the first line, bortezomib and thalidomide were used most often whereas lenalidomide was the most commonly used agent in the relapsed setting (second–fourth lines). Exploratory analyses revealed that younger age (≤ 65 years), lower International Staging System stage, and prior stem cell transplantation were associated with significant improvements in OS and PFS, especially in early treatment lines. Conclusion This is the first analysis of Czech data from the RMG, and it provides important insights into the real-world management of MM for physicians and healthcare providers.