Equation of State’s Crossover Enhancement of Pseudopotential Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of CO2 Flow in Homogeneous Porous Media

The original Shan-Chen’s pseudopotential Lattice Boltzmann Model (LBM) has continuously evolved during the past two decades. However, despite its capability to simulate multiphase flows, the model still faces challenges when applied to multicomponent-multiphase flows in complex geometries with a moderately high-density ratio. Furthermore, classical cubic equations of state usually incorporated into the model cannot accurately predict fluid thermodynamics in the near-critical region. This paper addresses these issues by incorporating a crossover Peng–Robinson equation of state into LBM and further improving the model to consider the density and the critical temperature differences between the CO2 and water during the injection of the CO2 in a water-saturated 2D homogeneous porous medium. The numerical model is first validated by analyzing the supercritical CO2 penetration into a single narrow channel initially filled with H2O, depicting the fundamental role of the driving pressure gradient to overcome the capillary resistance in near one and higher density ratios. Significant differences are observed by extending the model to the injection of CO2 into a 2D homogeneous porous medium when using a flat versus a curved inlet velocity profile.