A population games transactive control for distributed energy resources

Abstract Distributed energy resources are considered as a cornerstone in the path to a smarter grid. However, this evolution brings some important challenges for real-time implementation, especially those concerning control design and its integration with distribution systems. We propose a distributed transactive control algorithm based on population games to dynamically manage the distributed energy resources and smart loads in the system to reach the optimum social welfare. Agents are considered non-cooperative and they are individually incentive-driven preserving stability while guaranteeing some optimality conditions on the real-time operation. Smart loads are modeled as a flexible load with a base-load. Potential population games concepts are used to analyze the stability and Nash equilibrium of the proposed game. Simulation results of the proposed algorithm show the stability and convergence of the proposed algorithm.