Report for collisional and chaotic transport of energetic particles in toroidal plasma

The authors have made progress in two general areas of confinement plasma physics. (1) We studies a new loss mechanism of the toroidally trapped particles related to the up-down asymmetry of ripple in a tokamak. (2) We estimated the bootstrap current of the particles making transitions between the toroidally and locally states in non-axisymmetric tori, stellarators and tokamaks.