A Comprehensive Review on the Effect of Nanoparticle Dispersed Diesel–Biodiesel Blends Fuelled CI Engine

In diesel engine applications, enormous importance was given to biodiesel in recent years due to its economical and ecological benefits. Even if, there is huge scope with biodiesel fuel for improving the performance and reducing the emission of a compression ignition (CI) engine. Though there are many techniques, for instance, engine modification and exhaust gas recirculation, fuel adulteration can play a key function to boost the performance of the engine and exhaust emission reduction. The nanoparticle (metallic and none metallic) additive is an obvious choice in the enhancement of physicochemical properties of biodiesel fuel. The nanoparticle has the properties concerning greater heat and mass transfer because of enhanced thermal conductivity, advanced heating value, high flash, and cloud points, the extra surface to volume ratio, higher combustion reactive medium, etc. Thus, the fuel properties can be altered based on the nanoparticle dosage. The objective of the present review is to know the influence of various nanoparticles in biodiesel–diesel blends on the improvement in performance and emission lessening of the compression ignition engine.