Manifestations of Local Supersolidity of $^{4}$He around a Charged Molecular Impurity

2020 
A frozen, solid helium core, dubbed snowball, is typically observed around positively charged atomic impurities in liquid helium. Here we discover, using bosonic path integral simulations, that a different phenomenon arises around cationic molecular impurities, in particular protonated methane CH$_{5}^{+}$ . Although the $^{4}$He atoms are strongly localized in real space akin to snowballs, they still participate in vivid bosonic exchange in permutation space - induced by the molecular motion of the fluxional CH$_{5}^{+}$ molecule. This combination of solid-like order with an intense superfluid response in the first helium shell indicates that manifestations of local supersolid behavior can be realized using such charged molecules.
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