Inductive means and sequences applied to online classification of EEG

The translation of brain activity into user command, through Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI), is a very active topic in machine learning and signal processing. As commercial applications and out-of-the-lab solutions are proposed, there is an increased pressure to provide online algorithms and real-time implementations. Electroencephalography (EEG) systems offer lightweight and wearable solutions, at the expense of signal quality. Approaches based on covariance matrices have demonstrated good robustness to noise and provide a suitable representation for classification tasks, relying on advances in Riemannian geometry. We propose to equip the minimum distance to mean (MDM) classifier with a new family of means, based on the inductive mean, for block-online classification tasks and to embed the inductive mean in an incremental learning algorithm for online classification of EEG.