Interação entre o eixo microbiota-intestino-cérebro, dieta e transtornos de humor: uma revisão narrativa

The brain and the gut communicate two way so that the balance between them depends on the modulation of the microbial ecosystem that is present in the gut. The intestinal microbiota homeostasis imbalance can negatively impact host health, causing pathologies, including anxiety and depression disorders, according to the World Health Organization, 2017 showing that Brazil is among the countries with the highest rate of people with the disorder. disorder with mood disorder in 9.3% of the population and depression with 5.8%. In this context, we seek to review the association between a dietary relationship and the gut-brain axis in mood disorders: anxiety and depression. Exclusion of studies with use of drugs not considered; and Keywords: Microbiota, Gut-Brain Axis, Diet, Probiotics, Mood Disorder, Anxiety, Depression for File Choice. A search was performed from September to December 2019 in the databases of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE / PubMed), Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (LILACS), Online Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO) and Google Studious. Of the 123 articles selected, 36 were included in the review. Current literature has a greater focus on the physiology of communication between the intestine and the brain, which may alter this communication, for example: Chronic inflammatory diseases and cause changes in mood, but not with regard to eating, macronutrient reproduction. and micronutrients in gut-brain communication is scarce; in turn, many studies emphasize the macronutrients that can cause intestinal inflammation, such as fat and simple carbohydrates. In addition, it shows which individuals consumed a balanced diet with the use of probiotics, for example: Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota and fructooligosaccharides found positive results in the symptoms and depression tests. Some intestinal and metabolic bacteria, such as conjugated fatty acids, which stimulate the production of bifidobacteria, alter the intestinal wall permeability, beneficially contribute to the individual's mental health. Therefore, it is very important to understand the modulation of the microbiota-intestine-brain axis, as it has an impact on the individual's emotions. In addition, data from studies showing that dietary probiotics may suffer from the symptoms of mood disorders prevent other types of changes that may cause severe gastrointestinal tract pathology.