Reaction sequence in the formation of perovskite Pb(Zro0.48Ti0.52)O3—Pb(Nb23Ni13)O3 solid solution: Dynamic heat-treatment

Abstract The sequence of the solid state reactions in the PbOZrO 2 -TiO 2 -Nb 2 O 5 -NiO system has been investigated. The oxide mixing route utilised in sample preparation was selected in order to determine the basic reaction path in the formation of the PZTPNN perovskite phase. It has been established that the main intermediate phases formed prior to PZTPNN are PbTiO 3 and pyrochlore Pb-Nb-based phases. The sequence in the pyrochlore formation was from tetragonal Pb 3 Nb 2 O 8 (500 °C) to rhombohedral Pb 2 Nb 2 O 7 (600–750 °C) and finally to cubic Pb 3 Nb 4 O 13 (650–850 °C). The formation of the perovskite phase proceeded from mutual solubility of PbTiO 3 and pyrochlore Pb 3 Nb 4 O 13 phases, accompanied by dissolving of residuals (PbZrO 3 and NiO) in the perovskite solid solution formed.