Identification of drug candidates which increase cytochrome c oxidase activity in deficient patient fibroblasts

Abstract Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity reflects the expressed level of respiratory chain complexes, mtDNA levels, titer and mass of mitochondria. Activity is also indicative of the overall fitness of mt-transcription factors and the import, transcription and translation of mt-proteins. We have developed a high-throughput assay to measure COX activity using live cells to screen chemical libraries for compounds capable of increasing COX activity. These libraries have revealed four examples which elevated the activities of COX in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts and in fibroblasts from patients with COX defects independent of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor family.