Decreased IGF-1 levels potentiate association of inflammation with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in prevalent hemodialysis patients

Abstract Objective Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and inflammation have both been linked to high cardiovascular risk and mortality in the general population, as well as in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We hypothesized that the association of low IGF-1 with chronic inflammation may increase the mortality risk in HD patients. Design We investigated the interactions between inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6 and TNF-α) and IGF-1 as predictors of death over a 4years of follow-up (median — 47months, interquartile range — 17.5–75months) in 96 prevalent HD patients (35% women, mean age of 64.9±11.6years). Results A significant interaction effect of low IGF-1 (defined as a level less than median) and high IL-6 (defined as a level higher than median) on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was found: crude Cox hazard ratios (HR) for the product termed IGF-1×IL-6 were 4.27, with a 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.10 to 8.68 (P Conclusions An increase in mortality risk was observed in HD patients with low IGF-1 and high IL-6 levels, especially cardiovascular causes.