Hydraulic analysis of urban water supply network after strong earthquakes

After a strong earthquake,there are some cases where nodal pressure is not sufficient for supplying the required demand in the water supply network,and the flow of water is less than that of demand before the earthquake.An efficient approach for pressure-dependent demand analysis is developed to simulate the hydraulic states of the network for low pressure cases,which is an improvement of the conventional demand-driven model.Comparisons between the conventional demand-driven approach and the pressure-dependent approach are presented for a water distribution system.The pressure dependent demand analysis approach is proved to be efficient to analyze many conditions,in which the demand is function of pressure in the water supply network.