Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos domésticos: estudo de caso na central de triagem, tratamento e destino final dos resíduos sólidos domésticos do município de Estrela/RS

Regarding a general perspective, the population growth and urbanization, coupled with the excessive consumption of natural resources are a combination of factors that can lead to an environmental imbalance, especially regarding the generation of solid waste. The management of such waste is the process that involves the segregation, collection, handling, packaging, transportation, storage, sorting, treatment and disposal, including from the generation to the waste disposal (LIMA, 2005). This way, the aim of this study is to analyze the management of the municipal solid waste in the Central de Triagem, Tratamento e Destino Final dos Residuos Solidos Domesticos of Estrela/RS, since information about the quality and especially the amount of waste managed is important to planning the whole system of the waste management, especially for design facilities and equipments. The methods include monitoring the waste movement in situ and collect the information for six months; and experiments in laboratory scale about composting. Overall, during the study period, 2,530,950 kilograms of household waste were sent to Central de Triagem, Tratamento e Destino Final dos Residuos Solidos Domesticos of Estrela/RS, setting a monthly average of 421,825 kg. The daily values maintained an average of 13,830.33 kilograms of household waste send to the Central, which result in a generation of 0.45 kg/per capita/day. Of the total waste studied, 74.87% went to landfill, 10.46% of the material was destined to the composting place and 14.66% was considered recycling material. The organic fertilizer obtained by the composting process studied in laboratory scale showed characteristics with the presence of heavy metals at levels above those allowed by law.