Strategic therapy in the management of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

The novel COVID-19 is the disease caused by corona virus that led to the global pandemic. The virus is primarily characterised by a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which is a lung disease and the impact is on heart as well. The entry of influenza and corona virus are through two proteins they are ACE2 (Angiotensin converting enzyme 2) and TMPRSS2 (Trans-membrane protease serine 2) prominently. The primary objective is to restrict the entry of these viruses into the cells (or) to inhibit the viral replication after entering into the cells. ACE2 protein can be blocked by ACE inhibitors. This blockade can be beneficent in case of hypertensive patients as ACE inhibitors aid in lowering blood pressure and also to restrict viral entry. SARS-CoV-2 and other corona viruses use TMPRSS2 for 'S' protein activation and the protease is expressed in SARS-CoV-2 target cells throughout the human respiratory tract. Nafamostat mesylate is a serine protease inhibitor with antiviral activity may inhibit the activity of TMPRSS2 a host cells serine protease that mediate viral entry for corona virus, thereby inhibiting viral entry and replication. The global pandemic is associated with several symptoms such as fever, cold, dry cough, sore throat, wheezing and blood clot. Aspirin has triple effects of anti-viral activity, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory. The early use of aspirin in COVID-19 patients is expected to shorten the duration of hospitalization and reduces the incidence of cardiovascular complications. This review gives knowledge of using Nafamostat mesylate and Aspirin drugs against SARS-CoV-2.